Washakie (c. 1804/1810 – 1900) was a revered Shoshone leader known for his efforts to secure peace and improve the welfare of his people while maintaining his prowess as a warrior. Born to a Shoshone mother and an adopted Umatilla father, he grew up amid the challenges of the American West and earned his reputation in battle, eventually becoming the head of the Eastern Shoshones. His leadership was first documented in 1840, and by 1851, Washakie was recognized by the U.S. government as the head of the Eastern Shoshones, a position he held until his death.
Washakie played a significant role in negotiating treaties with the U.S., including the Fort Bridger Treaty of 1868, which established the Shoshone and Bannock Indian Agency in Wyoming’s Wind River country, where his people still reside today. He was honored for his assistance to the U.S. military, particularly for guiding General George Crook’s forces after Custer’s defeat at Little Big Horn.
His dual roles marked Washakie’s life as a fierce warrior and a peace advocate. He helped secure land for his people and promoted education, including donating land for a girls’ boarding school. He also had strong ties to both The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and the Episcopal Church.
Upon his death in 1900, Washakie was given a full military funeral, a rare honor for a Native American. His legacy endures through numerous memorials, including statues, a county in Wyoming named after him, and his contributions to Native American history and art.
